Can I Retire at 45 With $1 Million Dollars?

The idea of retiring by 45 might sound like a dream, but with discipline, smart investing and long-term planning, it’s a goal some individuals are able to achieve. If you can accumulate $1 million early in your career, early retirement becomes more of a possibility. However, exiting the workforce this young requires careful financial management to ensure your savings can support decades of living expenses, inflation, healthcare and unexpected costs.

A financial advisor can help you create a financial plan for your retirement needs and goals.

Is $1 Million Enough to Retire at 45?

When evaluating whether $1 million is enough to retire at 45, a good starting point is the 4% rule. This widely used guideline suggests withdrawing 4% of your savings in the first year of retirement and adjusting for inflation thereafter. If you follow this rule, a $1 million nest egg would provide about $40,000 in your first year, and you should last about 30 years in retirement.

However, because you’re retiring at 45, you could potentially need your investment portfolio to last 40 to 50 years. To account for that extended time horizon, you may want to be even more conservative. A 3% withdrawal rate would generate $30,000 in your first year, which would offer better protection against outliving your savings. On the other hand, a more aggressive 6% withdrawal could provide $60,000 annually, which might be necessary to cover your expenses while you wait to claim Social Security, but would significantly increase the risk of depleting your assets sooner.

Your ideal withdrawal rate will depend on factors like lifestyle preferences, anticipated healthcare costs and whether you plan to generate any supplemental income during retirement.

Other Factors Affecting Retirement at 45 With $1 Million

There’s more to early retirement than just the size of your nest egg. Several other factors can make or break your financial plan.

Retirement Portfolio Basics and Taxes

Since you’re retiring before 59.5, tapping into traditional retirement accounts like IRAs and 401(k)s could trigger early withdrawal penalties. Fortunately, there are strategies to avoid this, such as using the IRS Rule 72(t) to set up substantially equal periodic payments. Alternatively, having a robust taxable brokerage account allows for penalty-free withdrawals.

You’ll also want to manage capital gains taxes carefully. For example, if you sell $40,000 worth of investments with $20,000 in gains and you’re in the 15% capital gains tax bracket, you’d owe around $3,000 in taxes. Thoughtful withdrawal planning can help keep taxes low and extend the life of your portfolio.

Location and Lifestyle

Your choice of where and how you live directly affects how far $1 million will stretch. Moving to a state or country with a lower cost of living can drastically reduce expenses. On the flip side, retiring in a major city with high housing, tax and healthcare costs can strain even a well-funded plan.

You can use our free cost of living calculator to help you determine if moving to a lower cost of living area might be worth considering.

Inflation

Retiring at 45 means decades of exposure to inflation. Even modest inflation can dramatically erode purchasing power over time. Investing in a diversified portfolio that includes growth assets like equities can help offset inflation risks.

Health and Longevity

Healthcare is a major concern for early retirees. Without employer-sponsored insurance or Medicare (which doesn’t kick in until 65), you’ll need to purchase private health insurance for two decades. Moreover, if you live into your 90s or beyond, your savings must support a retirement that could last 50 years or more.

Retiring at 45 With $1 Million – Social Security and Medicare

A couple calculating whether they can retire with $1 million dollars at 45.

One of the biggest challenges for a 45-year-old retiree is bridging the gap to government benefits. Social Security benefits can’t be claimed until 62 at the earliest, and even then, claiming early reduces your monthly benefit permanently. Full retirement age is closer to 67, with maximum benefits available at 70.

While it might be tempting to claim benefits at 62, there is some merit in waiting until 67 or even 70. Let’s take a look at an example, using 2025 data from the Social Security Administration. If you were to claim benefits at 62 in 2025, the maximum benefit would be $2,831. However, if you claimed at the full retirement age of 67, the maximum benefit would be $4,018. At age 70, it would be $5,108.

Similarly, you won’t be eligible for Medicare until 65. You’ll need to fund your healthcare independently for 20 years, which can cost tens of thousands of dollars. Properly budgeting for these gaps, and possibly using health savings accounts (HSAs) or subsidized marketplace plans, can help you manage these expenses.

Create a Retirement Budget

Here’s an example of a realistic annual budget for a 45-year-old retiree with a $1 million portfolio, assuming a 4% withdrawal rate ($40,000 annually):

Housing (Rent/Mortgage, Property Taxes, Insurance): $12,000
Utilities and Maintenance: $3,600
Groceries and Dining: $7,200
Healthcare Premiums and Costs: $8,400
Transportation (Car, Gas, Insurance): $3,600
Entertainment and Travel: $3,200
Miscellaneous (Clothing, Gifts, Emergencies): $2,000

Total Estimated Expenses: $40,000

Depending on your location, family situation and lifestyle preferences, you may need to adjust these numbers. For example, according to data from LendingTree, the median rent is about $1,400 a month, or $16,800 a year. So this example assumes someone retiring early would either own their own home and having lower housing costs, or would rent in a lower cost-of-living area.

Managing a $1 Million Portfolio at 45

At 45, managing a $1 million portfolio for early retirement demands a thoughtful balance between growth and preservation. A sample asset allocation could be 60% stocks, 30% bonds and 10% cash or liquid assets. The goal is to generate returns high enough to outpace inflation without exposing your savings to unnecessary risk.

Tax efficiency also becomes critical. Prioritizing long-term capital gains, using tax-loss harvesting strategies and withdrawing from taxable accounts first can help preserve your tax-deferred and tax-free accounts for later years.

Annuities

Some retirees consider annuities to create predictable income streams. An immediate annuity could guarantee regular payments for life, protecting against longevity risk. Alternatively, a deferred annuity could offer guaranteed income starting at a later age, like 65, which helps fill the income gap before Social Security begins.

However, annuities can come with fees, restrictions and less flexibility. You could evaluate these products with the help of a financial advisor before making a decision.

Bottom Line

A husband and wife deciding whether to retire at 45 with $1 million dollars.

Retiring at 45 with $1 million is a bold goal, and it’s achievable for those who approach it with careful planning and realistic expectations. Living modestly, managing taxes smartly, accounting for healthcare and longevity, and maintaining a growth-focused investment strategy are key to making early retirement sustainable.

Tips for Retiring at 45 With $1 Million

Investing $1 million for retirement means you can’t afford to make mistakes. Each dollar needs to provide a 5% return or higher, and finding profitable assets can be challenging. Fortunately, help from a financial advisor is easily accessible. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three vetted financial advisors who serve your area, and you can interview your advisor matches at no cost to decide which one is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, get started now.
Putting $1 million into an annuity can mean receiving $50,000 or more per year for life. However, annuities are complex financial instruments, so here are the pros and cons to consider before purchasing one.