35:["$","$L36",null,{"category":"$37","relatedArticles":[{"id":"cG9zdDoyNDIyNjA=","databaseId":242260,"postId":242260,"author":{"node":{"id":"dXNlcjoz","databaseId":3,"userId":3,"avatar":{"url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/47938df052bf0a5283bd6b77ab786737?s=96&d=mm&r=g","size":96,"__typename":"Avatar"},"description":"SmartAsset employs a team of writers and editors with years of experience in the editorial, news and personal finance industries. Some staff members also hold the Certified Educator in Personal Finance (CEPF®) designation from the Institute for Financial Literacy.","additionalMeta":{"expertise":null,"__typename":"User_Additionalmeta"},"email":null,"firstName":"Michael","fullName":"SmartAsset Team","lastName":"Carvin","name":"SmartAsset Team","postCount":{"pageInfo":{"offsetPagination":{"total":1364,"__typename":"OffsetPaginationPageInfo"},"__typename":"UserToPostConnectionPageInfo"},"__typename":"UserToPostConnection"},"slug":"mcarvin","__typename":"User"},"__typename":"NodeWithAuthorToUserConnectionEdge"},"categories":{"nodes":[{"id":"dGVybToxOTUwNw==","children":{"nodes":[],"__typename":"CategoryToCategoryConnection"},"databaseId":19507,"categoryId":19507,"link":"https://smartasset.com/tax-filing/articles","name":"Tax Filing","postCount":{"pageInfo":{"offsetPagination":{"total":90,"__typename":"OffsetPaginationPageInfo"},"__typename":"CategoryToPostConnectionPageInfo"},"__typename":"CategoryToPostConnection"},"slug":"tax-filing","ancestors":{"nodes":[{"name":"Taxes","slug":"taxes","__typename":"Category"}],"__typename":"CategoryToAncestorsCategoryConnection"},"parent":{"node":{"name":"Taxes","id":"dGVybToxMzY=","slug":"taxes","__typename":"Category"},"__typename":"CategoryToParentCategoryConnectionEdge"},"__typename":"Category"}],"__typename":"PostToCategoryConnection"},"content":"$38","date":"2024-04-05T11:20:59","excerpt":"

The IRS has clear guidelines and specific thresholds that dictate when and how U.S. persons (citizens, resident aliens or domestic trusts) must report gifts from foreign entities. With penalties for non-compliance potentially reaching staggering amounts, understanding these rules is not just a matter of financial literacy but of fiscal responsibility. If you receive a gift […]

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If you need help with your taxes or your entire financial picture, consider talking to a financial advisor.

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How Reporting Foreign Gifts Works

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The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) mandates that U.S. persons disclose certain gifts from abroad to ensure adherence to tax laws. This obligation is a critical compliance measure to prevent tax evasion and maintain transparency in international financial dealings. The threshold for reporting is quite specific: gifts from foreign entities or individuals that surpass $100,000 in aggregate value during a tax year must be reported.

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Here are the key points to know about paying taxes on a gift from a foreign entity:

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Gifts totaling over $100,000 from foreign entities or individuals during the year must be reported.
Amounts over $18,567 (for 2023, $19,580 for 2024) received from foreign corporations or partnerships must also be disclosed.
Reporting thresholds are adjusted annually for inflation.
Non-compliance can result in financial penalties.

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For those who might be receiving foreign gifts, it is crucial to report them in a timely and accurate manner, as per IRS guidelines, to avoid such penalties. The specific IRS form used for reporting foreign gifts is Form 3520, “Annual Return to Report Transactions With Foreign Trusts and Receipt of Certain Foreign Gifts.” Consultation with tax professionals is highly recommended due to the complexity of tax laws, although it is not the only way to ensure correct reporting.

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What Defines a Gift From a Foreign Entity?

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A gift from a foreign entity is typically identified as a transfer of property that is voluntarily executed without the expectation of a return or compensation. This can occur between individuals, organizations or states across international borders. Have you ever received a gift from abroad? Here’s what you need to know about potential tax obligations.

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Tax laws, such as those enforced by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS), have their own criteria for what constitutes a gift. The IRS defines a gift as any transfer where full consideration, quantifiable in monetary terms, is not reciprocated. While diplomatic gifts may avoid tax repercussions due to their ceremonial role, individuals may face tax implications depending on the gift’s value and its nature.

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The relationship between the donor and recipient is also a factor, as gifts from family members might be treated differently than those from unrelated parties. Legislative changes, such as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, have further influenced the reporting and treatment of foreign gifts, underscoring the importance of staying informed about regulatory changes to ensure adherence to the law.

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How to Complete Form 3520

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Form 3520, officially titled the “Annual Return To Report Transactions With Foreign Trusts and Receipt of Certain Foreign Gifts,” has a primary function to disclose information about transactions with foreign trusts. For U.S. persons, which encompass citizens, resident aliens and domestic trusts, engaging with international financial activities, understanding and fulfilling the obligations of Form 3520 is essential. Not only does it maintain legal compliance, but it also acts as a shield against the imposition of severe penalties.

","

Completing Form 3520 involves meticulous attention to detail across its various sections. Here is what you need to know as you fill it out:

","

Part I calls for disclosures regarding any money or property transfers to foreign trusts.
In Part II, if you’re treated as the owner of any part of a foreign trust, information must be furnished accordingly.
Part III calls for disclosures regarding money or property transferred to you from foreign trusts.
The most challenging section, Part IV, pertains to reporting large gifts or bequests from foreign persons. Lines 54-56 in this section, for example, demand detailed information about the donor and the precise valuation of the gift, which can be intricate to determine.

","

Before submitting, carefully review your completed Form 3520 to ensure all information is accurate and all required sections are filled. Sign and date the form as a final step. Typically, the form should be filed by the 15th day of the fourth month following the end of the U.S. person’s tax year, which is usually April 15th for individuals. However, taxpayers should be aware of the possibility of filing extensions, which may also apply to Form 3520, to manage their filing obligations effectively.

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Form 3520 vs. Form 3520-A

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Two critical forms that both facilitate similar things are Form 3520, “Annual Return to Report Transactions With Foreign Trusts and Receipt of Certain Foreign Gifts,” and Form 3520-A, “Annual Information Return of Foreign Trust With a U.S. Owner.” These forms are essential for the IRS’s efforts to ensure transparency and compliance with tax obligations arising from international financial interactions.

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Form 3520 is a document U.S. taxpayers must complete when specific conditions are met. For example, it is necessary when a taxpayer receives a gift or bequest from a foreign individual that exceeds $100,000 during the tax year. This form also applies when the taxpayer receives distributions from a foreign trust. When the gift or bequest comes from a foreign corporation or partnership, a lower threshold of $18,567 triggers the reporting requirement.

","

In contrast, Form 3520-A serves a specific and related function. It must be filed by the trustee of a foreign trust with at least one U.S. owner, defined under the “grantor trust” rules in sections 671-679 of the Internal Revenue Code. This form reports detailed information about the trust’s U.S. beneficiaries, its assets, and any income it has distributed during the tax year, functioning as an annual information return for the foreign trust.

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To better understand when each form should be used, consider the following scenarios requiring Form 3520:

","

You received a gift or bequest from a foreign person that exceeds the reporting threshold.
You are the beneficiary of a foreign trust and have received distributions.
You have made a transfer to a foreign trust or have created one.

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For Form 3520-A, the filing requirement applies if:

","

You are the trustee of a foreign trust with a U.S. owner.
The trust requires annual reporting of its activities and beneficiaries in the U.S.

","

If you’re feeling uncertain about your filing obligations or the details discussed here, it’s wise to consult with a tax professional. They can provide personalized guidance to ensure that you meet your reporting requirements and avoid potential penalties.

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Bottom Line

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Understanding the U.S. tax system requirement for filing Form 3520 and Form 3520-A can help you avoid penalties. The thresholds for reporting vary and are adjusted annually. Whether you’re receiving a gift from a foreign relative or engaging with a foreign trust, the obligation to report such interactions is clear, and the penalties for non-compliance can be severe.

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Tips for Tax Planning

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Photo credit: ©iStock.com/Riska, ©iStock.com/Antonio_Diaz, ©iStock.com/zamrznutitonovi

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If you inherit or plan to bequeath a certificate of deposit (CD) as part of your estate, there may be tax consequences to consider. Three kinds of taxes could apply: income, estate and inheritance. While the principal amount of the CD transfers without income tax issues, any interest earned after death and before transfer will be treated as ordinary income on the tax return of the person who inherits it. Federal estate taxes won’t apply unless the size of the estate, including the CD, exceeds the generous federal exemption, and there is no federal inheritance tax to be paid by the heir. Several states have inheritance and estate taxes, and these generally have much lower thresholds for exemption, so they may come into play. Setting up the CD to transfer on death will help avoid probate, but won’t affect taxes. Let’s take a closer look at the tax consequences of inheriting a CD.

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If you have questions, consider asking a financial advisor for help preparing your estate plan or handling any potential taxes on an inherited CD.

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CD Inheritance Basics

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A CD is a fixed-income savings tool offered at many banks and credit unions. It allows a saver to set aside a specific amount of money for a specific length of time ranging from weeks to years and, in return, earn a pre-set rate of interest. Federal deposit insurance makes CDs as safe as anything you can do with your money. However, CD interest rates, while often higher than a savings account, are likely to lag behind inflation. And there may be a penalty if you withdraw money before the end of the term.

","

Many savers and investors appreciate CDs for their safety and convenience. They may well be part of your estate. Or, if you’re going to inherit a CD from someone, you may be faced with the potential tax consequences. CDs can present tax complications depending on factors such as the size of the CD and where the deceased and heir reside.

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Inherited CD Tax Considerations

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Three types of taxes may come into play when you’re looking at the tax consequences of inheriting a CD: income, estate and inheritance taxes. The first of these is the one most likely to be encountered, but likely won’t be a major cost. The second may be relevant, but probably only to a small number of cases. The third is least likely and will be the responsibility of the heir who receives the bequest.

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Income Tax

","

","

The IRS does not regard the value of an inherited CD as taxable. That is, if you receive a $10,000 CD, you won’t have to increase your reported income by $10,000. The interest on the CD is another matter, however. Interest earned before the deceased’s death is not considered income to the recipient of the CD. However, income earned by the deposit after the death is regarded as ordinary income taxable at the recipient’s usual tax rate. Because of the relatively modest interest rates paid by many CDs, the tax bill on interest earned is unlikely to be much except in the case of an unusually large CD inheritance.

","

It is worth noting that many banks will waive the early withdrawal penalty if the inheritor of a CD wants to withdraw funds before the term of the deposit is up. And, if the bank does charge a penalty on an inherited CD, the recipient of the bequest can likely deduct the amount of the penalty from taxable income for that year.

","

Estate Tax

","

Tax law does provide for federal estate taxes on inherited assets, but the tax only applies to estates over a certain amount. Currently, that amount is $13.61 million, so it’s only relevant to relatively few estates. There is no federal inheritance tax.

","

A handful of states also have estate taxes. Some use the same floor as the federal estate tax for their levies. However, a few have much lower thresholds. Oregon, for example, taxes estates over $1 million.

","

Inheritance Tax

","

A similarly small number of states have inheritance taxes, which the recipient of the bequest has to pay. Only Maryland has both estate and inheritance taxes. Generally speaking, due to their overall rarity and the use of thresholds below which taxes don’t apply, estate and inheritance taxes will not be concerns for most estates or heirs.

","

Transfer on Death

","

Some CD owners set them to transfer ownership automatically to a beneficiary on the owner’s death. This can be an effective way to avoid having the CD pass through probate, a process likely to add months or years to the time required to distribute funds to heirs, as well as incurring extra costs. However, transfer on death arrangements won’t affect inheritance or estate taxes on an inherited CD. Nor will they have any effect on taxes that could be due on post-death interest earned.

","

Bottom Line

","

","

Passing on a CD as part of an estate involves no major tax consequences in most situations. The most likely tax is the income tax that will be due on interest earned after the death of the person making the bequest. This tax will be paid by the inheritor of the CD. Federal estate taxes only apply on particularly large estates, and most states don’t have estate taxes. There’s no federal inheritance tax, and most states don’t tax heirs, either. However, some states have estate taxes with significantly lower thresholds than the federal level, and at least one state has both estate and inheritance taxes.

","

Tax-Planning Tips

","$67","

Photo credit: ©iStock.com/visualspace, ©iStock.com/seb_ra, ©iStock.com/AndreyPopov

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Form 8949 is used to report the sale or exchange of capital assets, such as stocks, real estate, or cryptocurrencies to the IRS. It details the purchase and sale dates for each transaction, as well as the proceeds, cost basis and any adjustments. This information is then transferred to Schedule D, where gains or losses are totaled for tax purposes, with sections for short-term and long-term transactions. Accurate reporting on Form 8949 is essential for properly calculating capital gains or losses and complying with IRS requirements.

","

If you want to lower your taxes on investments, a financial advisor can optimize your portfolio to lower your tax liability.

","

What Is Form 8949?

","

Form 8949 is an IRS tax document used to report gains and losses from the sale or exchange of capital assets. The form captures detailed information about each transaction, such as dates the asset was acquired and sold, sales proceeds, cost basis and any necessary adjustments. These adjustments account for factors like disallowed losses from wash sales (selling a security at a loss and rebuying it or a substantially identical security to prevent the loss from being deducted for tax purposes) or adjustments related to inherited property.

","

One of the key purposes of Form 8949 is to categorize transactions by how they are taxed. It separates short-term gains or losses (from assets held for one year or less) from long-term gains or losses (from assets held longer than one year), which are taxed at different rates. Taxpayers must also indicate whether and how the transactions were reported to the IRS on Form 1099-B.

","

By requiring taxpayers to list individual sales, Form 8949 provides a comprehensive view of all taxable events, helping to ensure proper calculations when completing Schedule D.

","

Who Needs to File Form 8949?

","

Anyone who sold capital assets during the tax year may need to complete Form 8949, especially if the transactions are reported on Form 1099-B or 1099-S, or were not reported to the IRS at all. This includes:

","

Individuals selling stocks, bonds, cryptocurrency, or other capital assets
Homeowners who sold real estate that was not their primary residence

","

If there are multiple transactions, each needs to be listed, even if there were no profits earned. Any short-term or long-term capital gains or losses must be categorized based on how long the asset was held.

","

Completing Form 8949: Parts I and II

","

Form 8949 is divided into two parts to separate short-term and long-term transactions.

","

Part I is for short-term gains and losses, which apply to assets held for one year or less. Part II covers long-term gains and losses, applying to assets held for more than one year. This distinction is significant because short-term gains are taxed at ordinary income rates, while long-term gains generally benefit from lower, preferential tax rates.

","

Both parts of the form require taxpayers to report transactions based on whether the sales were reported on Form 1099-B. There are three checkboxes in both Part I and Part II:

","

Box A: For transactions reported on Form 1099-B with cost basis provided.
Box B: For transactions reported on Form 1099-B without cost basis.
Box C: For transactions not reported on Form 1099-B.

","

Accurately assigning transactions to the right part and box helps ensure proper tax treatment.

","

Once all transactions are listed, totals from both parts are carried over to Schedule D, where gains or losses are totaled. If the form includes adjustments (e.g., for wash sales), those must be listed in the adjustment column with appropriate codes.

","

Reporting Gains and Losses

","

","

Each line of Form 8949 requires detailed information about the asset sold, including:

","

Description of the asset: Specify the security, cryptocurrency or property
Date acquired: The original purchase date
Date sold or disposed: When the sale or transfer occurred
Proceeds: The amount received from the sale
Adjustments, if any: Adjustments can be made for things like transaction fees or wash sales

","

After listing these details, subtract the cost basis from the proceeds to determine the gain or loss, which you will then list in column (h). Note that wash sale rules may apply if a similar asset was bought shortly before or after selling the original one, disallowing the loss for that year.

","

When to Use Adjustment Codes

","

In some cases, an adjustment to the gain or loss is necessary. For example, if a broker didn’t report the correct cost basis on the 1099-B or a wash sale occurred, adjustments will need to be reported on Form 8949.

","

Common adjustment codes include:

","

Code W: For a wash sale
Code B: When the basis reported by the broker on Form 1099-B is incorrect
Code O: For cases involving adjustments not covered elsewhere
Code T: You received a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) and the type of gain (or loss) shown in box 2 is incorrect

","

If an adjustment is made, enter the appropriate code in column (f) and the amount of the adjustment in column (g).

","

Transferring Totals to Schedule D

","

Once all transactions are listed and gains or losses are calculated, the totals from Part I and Part II of Form 8949 need to be carried over to Schedule D. This form summarizes the overall net capital gains and losses, distinguishing between short-term and long-term transactions.

","

If the total capital losses exceed gains for the year, taxpayers can deduct up to $3,000 ($1,500 for married individuals filing separately) of the loss against other income. Any remaining losses can be carried forward to future tax years.

","

Bottom Line

","

","

Form 8949 plays a role in organizing and reporting the sale of capital assets, giving taxpayers a way to track gains and losses while meeting IRS requirements. By listing each transaction, including purchase and sale dates, proceeds and cost basis, it helps determine taxable amounts and provides space for adjustments, such as wash sales or discrepancies in 1099-B data. Transferring these totals to Schedule D offers a summary of short-term and long-term gains or losses, allowing for proper calculation of taxes owed or deductions available.

","

Tax Planning for Investments

","$7f","

Photo credit: ©iStock.com/PixelsEffect, ©iStock.com/shih-wei, ©iStock.com/Apiwan Borrikonratchata

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Approximately 40% of households pay taxes on their Social Security benefits, according to the Social Security Administration. If you do owe taxes on your benefits, managing them effectively could save you a lot of money. If you need help planning for Social Security or taxes in retirement, consider working with a financial advisor. However, there […]

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","

If you need help planning for Social Security or taxes in retirement, consider working with a financial advisor.

","

However, there aren’t many ways to do that. Social Security taxes are based on a rather straightforward income formula. The only real ways to reduce how much of your benefits are taxable is to reduce your taxable income or qualify for a lower marginal tax rate.

","

For example, say that you expect to earn $3,300 per month from Social Security. Here’s how your taxes will work and how you may be able to reduce taxes on those payments.

","

How Are Social Security Benefits Taxed?

","

","

Depending on your income, a percentage of your Social Security benefits may be included in your taxable income. This usually applies when you have additional income beyond your Social Security benefits, although particularly high-earners can trigger taxes based on their benefits alone.

","

Benefits taxes are calculated using two separate figures: combined income and taxable income. Your combined income is used to determine the amount of Social Security benefits subject to taxation. Your taxable income is a separate figure used to determine your actual taxes.

","

Combined Income

","

First, you calculate your combined income:

","

Combined Income = adjusted gross income + nontaxable Interest + half of our Social Security benefits

","

So, in our example, you have $39,600 per year in Social Security income. Absent any other income, that gives you a starting combined income of $19,800.

","

If your combined income is less than $25,000 as an individual or $32,000 as a married couple, you will not pay taxes on your Social Security benefits. If your combined income is between $25,000 and $34,000 as an individual or between $32,000 and $44,000 as a married couple, you pay taxes on up to 50% of your benefits. This can be a sliding scale. Your exact rate will be determined using IRS Publication 915.

","

If your combined income is above $34,000 as an individual or above $44,000 as a married couple, you pay taxes on up to 85% of your Social Security benefits. Again, this can be a sliding scale.

","

Taxable Income

","

Once you know your benefits tax tier, you can calculate your taxable income.

","

To do this, you multiple your tax tier (0%, 50% or 85%) times your total Social Security benefits. Then, you add the resulting amount to the rest of your taxable income. Your taxes will then be based on this total.

","

The result of this system is that some of your benefits will be taxed and some will not be. For example, say you are in the 85% bracket. In this case, you will add 85% of your benefits to your taxable income, and you will not pay taxes on 15% of your benefits.

","

Like with most retirement income, benefits are not subject to FICA (payroll) taxes, so you will only pay income taxes on this money.

","

Social Security Benefits Taxes Examples

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Let’s look at our hypothetical scenario using three different examples. (You can also run your own numbers through the IRS benefits tax calculator.) We’ll assume you’re single.

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Example 1: Social Security as Your Only Income Source

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Here, you have only Social Security benefits ($39,600) and no other sources of retirement income. Your taxes would be based in the following inputs:

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Combined Income: $0 + $0 + (0.5 * $39,600) = $19,800
Social Security Tax Tier: 0%

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Ordinarily, with $19,800 of income you would pay $595 in federal taxes (absent any special credits or deductions). However, your combined income falls below the $25,000 threshold, so none of your benefits are taxable. As a result, you would have no taxable income and pay no federal income tax.

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Example 2: $12,000 in 401(k) Withdrawals

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Here, you have Social Security benefits plus an additional $12,000 per year from your 401(k). Your taxes would be based on the following:

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Combined Income: $12,000 + $0 + (0.5 * $39,600) = $31,800
Social Security Tax Tier: 50%

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Since your combined income is between $25,000 and $34,000 as an individual, 50% of your Social Security benefits would be added to your taxable income. As a result, your taxable income would be the same as your combined income, and you would owe around $1,934 in federal income tax.

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Example 3: $50,000 in 401(k) Withdrawals

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In our third scenario, you have Social Security benefits plus an additional $50,000 per year from your 401(k). Your taxes would be calculated based on the following:

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Combined Income: $50,000 + $0 + (0.5 * $39,600) = $69,800
Social Security Tax Tier: 85%

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Since your combined income is above $34,000 as an individual, you would pay taxes on 85% of your Social Security benefits. As a result, your taxable income would be $83,575 ($50,000 + $33,660) and you would owe around $10,666 in federal income tax.

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Keep in mind that these are estimates. If you need help calculating your own tax liability, consider working with a financial advisor with tax expertise.

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Reducing Your Social Security Benefits Taxes

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So, how can you reduce the taxes on your Social Security benefits?

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Overall, the only way to reduce the taxes you pay on Social Security benefits is to reduce either your taxable income, your marginal tax rate or both.

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It’s important to note that you can help manage the impact of these taxes by requesting federal withholding. If you do this, the SSA will withhold your likely taxes from each benefits check, helping you to avoid a nasty income tax bill when you file your tax return for the year.

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Beyond that, here a few strategies for reducing your tax liability:

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Roth Conversions

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This is perhaps the most straightforward option. Income that you generate from a Roth IRA does not count as taxable income and is also not subject to required minimum distributions (RMDs). Since Roth withdrawals aren’t part of your adjusted gross income, they’re also not calculated in your combined income for benefits tax purposes. As a result, if you generate most or all of your income from Roth withdrawals, your Social Security benefits may not be subject to any significant taxation (depending on your benefit amount).

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That said, remember that Roth conversions have a hefty up-front tax cost. For households near or in retirement, converting a significant amount from a pre-tax portfolio may leave you paying more in taxes on the conversion than what you would save on your Social Security taxes. If you need help calculating how much your savings you should convert into a Roth IRA, consider speaking with a financial advisor.

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Capital Gains Conversions

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This is an equivalent to Roth conversions, but generally less advantageous.

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Here, you would move your money from a pre-tax retirement account into a taxable brokerage account. From there, your withdrawals may be subject to a mix of capital gains and income taxes depending on the nature and duration of your investments. However, returns subject to capital gains taxes will not count toward your combined income, again giving you an advantage when it comes to calculating the proportion of benefits subject to taxation.

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However, you will still pay up-front taxes on the money you move out of your pre-tax portfolio. For this reason, households may do better with a Roth conversion (which eliminates taxes altogether) than a capital gains conversion (which restructures taxes).

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Structure Your Withdrawals

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Finally, you can structure your withdrawals around the benefit tax tiers.

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While even a small amount of additional income can push you into the 85% bracket, it can be very useful to manipulate your income around these tax tiers.

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The key here is to remember two things. First, money in savings does not count as income for tax purposes. Second, the tax tiers apply to your entire benefits check. The idea, then, is that you can withdraw extra money above a tier in one year, set it aside in savings, then withdraw less for several additional years.

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The goal is to keep your combined income in the 0% or 50% brackets as often as possible. The cost, however, is that you lose out on any investment returns for the money that sits in savings.

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Say that in general you want to take $15,000 from your 401(k). On its own this would give you a combined income of $34,800 ($15,000 + $19,800), so you would pay taxes on 85% of your benefits. Instead, in one year you could withdraw $20,000, still paying taxes on 85% of your benefits. Then, for the next four years, you could withdraw $14,000 from your portfolio and $1,000 from savings. That would give you a combined income of $33,800, so for those four years you would only pay taxes on 50% of your benefits.

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This kind of structured withdrawal is difficult to manage, particularly in the long run. It may be best executed with the help of a financial advisor, one who can help you prepare this kind of tax planning years ahead of time.

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Bottom Line

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Social Security benefits are taxed based on how much overall income you have. The only real way to reduce those taxes is to lower your tax rate or reduce your income, which is often best done with either a Roth IRA or structured withdrawals.

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Social Security Benefits Tips

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